There are three high-severity vulnerabilities in the NVIDIA NeMo Framework that could allow attackers to execute remote code, potentially compromising AI systems and leading to data tampering.
The security flaws, identified as CVE-2025-23249, CVE-2025-23250, and CVE-2025-23251, each received a CVSS base score of 7.6, indicating significant risk to users of the popular generative AI framework.
NVIDIA released security patches on April 22, 2025, urging users to update immediately to mitigate potential exploitation across Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms.
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High-Severity Vulnerabilities in NVIDIA NeMo Framework
The first vulnerability (CVE-2025-23249) involves unsafe deserialization of untrusted data, which could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely.
This flaw, categorized as CWE-502, enables attackers to manipulate serialized objects and inject malicious code during the data processing cycle.
“NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where a user could cause a deserialization of untrusted data by remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution and data tampering,” states the official security bulletin.
The second vulnerability (CVE-2025-23250) stems from improper path validation (CWE-22), potentially enabling attackers to perform arbitrary file writes by exploiting path traversal techniques.
Security researchers note that this weakness can allow adversaries to overwrite sensitive files or introduce malicious configurations, potentially hijacking training pipelines or poisoning datasets in AI workflows.
The third vulnerability (CVE-2025-23251) relates to improper control of code generation (CWE-94), which could be exploited for remote code execution.
This is especially concerning for a framework designed for generative AI applications, as it directly impacts the boundary between trusted and untrusted code execution environments.
NVIDIA credited security researcher Peng Zhou from Shanghai University for reporting all three April vulnerabilities.
| CVEs | Affected Products | Impact | Exploit Prerequisites | CVSS 3.1 Score |
| CVE-2025-23249 CVE-2025-23250 CVE-2025-23251 | NVIDIA NeMo Framework (Windows, Linux, macOS; all versions prior to 25.02) | Code execution, data tampering | Remote attacker, user interaction required | 7.6 (High) |
All three vulnerabilities share the same attack vector specifications (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L), indicating they can be exploited remotely with low attack complexity and no privileges required, though user interaction is needed.
The NeMo Framework, a scalable and cloud-native generative AI platform, is widely used by researchers and developers working with large language models (LLMs), Multimodal Models, and various AI applications, including speech recognition and computer vision.
The company has released version 25.02 to address these issues and strongly recommends immediate updates for all affected systems.
Security experts recommend organizations using NeMo Framework to:
- Update to version 25.02 immediately
- Review any AI systems that might have been compromised
- Implement additional security controls around AI development pipelines
- Monitor systems for unusual activities that might indicate exploitation
These vulnerabilities highlight the growing importance of security in AI development frameworks as they become more central to business operations and research initiatives worldwide.
